Phoenix's office market vacancy is "elevated" at 16.2 percent, while Miami is at an "eight-year high" of 16.9 percent and Los Angeles has reached "all-time highs" of 17.8 percent. In the years since the pandemic unsettled the office market, many have been anticipating an increase in distressed offices. Inflationary bubbles dont really end any other way, thats why the fed insisted inflation wasnt a problem and then that it was temporary. If you continue to see this message, your account may be locked due to too many failed attempts. A lot of lobbying went into assuring that people will not be able to read GMO on the label and avoid it. Evelyn is a creative writer covering commercial real estate trends and insights in the U.S. Evelyn was previously a senior associate editor at Multi-Housing News and Commercial Property Executive. Nurses, auto mechanics, retail workers. Office vacancy hit 20.4% during in 2010. You need a Statista Account for unlimited access. But whatever asking rents may be, landlords are negotiating and making deals, and are offering all kinds of incentives, from periods of free rent to large build-out allowances, in order to sign tenants for their empty space. The results are interesting in several ways. Learn more about how Statista can support your business. An interesting (and crucial) aspect to all this is just how much vacancy real estate owners can endure while propping list per square foot prices that leave them with 15% to 30% empty buildings. In terms of location, office assets in CBDs claimed the highest listing rates at $51.43, up 3% over the past 12 months, while suburban assets stood at $30.47, also up 3.1% year-over-year. Lots of people dont have the WFH option. When was the last time the ruble was worth something? Now there are 23.1 million square feet (msf) of available office space on the market in San Francisco, according to Savills, up from 6.1 msf in 2019. Imagine selling Apple stock for a gain and avoiding taxes if you re-invest usually in 90 days in Amazon. Like the lab rats I deliver to, I, unfortunately, cannot work from home. Nonetheless, Boston saw the highest average sale price at $1,054 per square foot. Lets say everyone walks away and some of these places go vacant. In fact, of 139 metro areas, only about one-quarter have office vacancy rates that are lower than pre-pandemic levels. 1. In 2019, before the pandemic set fire to the commercial real estate market, the national office vacancy rate was around 12%. The West Tennessee city is noted more for being a warehouse-and-distribution hub than a corporate office location. Interest is considered an expense for all businesses, not exclusive to real estate. Just as in NYC, all of this empty commercial space will have a huge knock on effect on the local economy. Amazon made headlines when it selected Northern Virginias Crystal City area for its second headquarters location and bought a site that has potential for more than 4 million square feet. Maybe wont work so well now with a decreasing asset. I believe we have reached the peak influx into the DFW area and should plateau. We dont need to occupy them. However, more commercial space is still being built and projects are getting approval and funding. Construction rates decreased slightly as well, and continued rising interest rates have pushed many developers to temporarily postpone their projects until the economy tempers. In terms of vacancies, Brooklyn still had the largest amount of vacant space in the Northeast in January, with rates at 19.71%. The top offenders on this list are clearly places wher over-building went bananas. Tech companies were some of the first to widely adopt remote work, but some like Apple and Microsoft were also among the first to mandate employees return to the office. Looks like QT has reduced by 35% by the Fed before it started. There was a split that happened around the early 1990s between kids that were Mall Rats and kids that had never been to a mall. This is the kind of industry-sponsored garbage that gives the MSM a terrible name for the coverage of the economy. The principal portion of those payments is forwarded to (passed through to) MBS holders, such as the Fed, and the balance of the MBS shrinks. If it can be done in your home, it can be done in Bangladesh. Circling back to Denver, the main cause of increasing office vacancy rates in the Mile High City is remote work. There are tens of millions of square feet of space currently being built. For now, however, distressed sales have remained mostly in the realm of future worries. Moreover, January assets traded at an average $202 per square foot, totaling $1.9 billion, a third of which was concentrated in just two markets: Houston and Miami. Well, good to see Chicago is doing better finally. Stop thinking like its 1880 and value is in dividends, Gold Bonds, and occupied Real Estate. One thing I like about the Guardian is they survive on voluntary donations for revenue rather than forcing paywalled subscriptions. "Quarterly office vacancy rates in the United States from 4th quarter 2017 to 3rd quarter 2022." The good news is all these losses are owned by billionaires so Im sure there will be a special government bailout to recoup their losses. Accessed March 02, 2023. https://www.statista.com/statistics/978457/vacancy-rates-office-space-cities-worldwide/, Knight Frank. Also maybe all the empty and soon to be empty Malls could find new life and be used for this to? Companies that put their vacant space on the sublease market tend to undercut landlords because they dont need to make a profit on the space; they just want to recoup some of their costs. The LoopNet service and information provided therein, while believed to be accurate, are provided "as is". Colliers International. At the same time, the U.S. office vacancy rate continued to rise, reaching 16.6%, up 80 basis points over January 2022. Given the general lack of construction in the suburbs, vacancies are more likely to show improvement there than they will downtown where development has already picked up steam, the report said. I still find this approach OK given that many other Guardian articles are nicely in-depth and unbiased on a variety of topics. Quite a few German and Chinese companies own buildings in Chicago as well. 5. Click on the beer and iced-tea mug to find out how: Would you like to be notified via email when WOLF STREET publishes a new article? But, certainly gas and diesel prices could push us into a recession if they keep rising or stay persistently high. CommercialEdge uses aggregated and anonymized expense data to create full-service equivalent rates from triple-net and modified gross listings. 2022 engineering and construction industry outlook No man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main. My last bout with COVID knocked me down for two weeks and Im still recovering from it three weeks later. Remote and hybrid work have become entrenched and the tech industry which drove much of the leasing of office space in recent years is now contracting and laying off workers, thus further decreasing demand for office spaces. But taking into account the overall economic uncertainty, the entrenchment of remote work and the upheavals triggered by increased interest rates, office market outlooks anticipate that there will not be much capital for office transactions this year. Other leading tech markets, such as Seattle, San Francisco, and Portland also saw their office vacancy rates increase by 1.47%, 2.87 % and 3.20% year-over-year in January. Things do seem dour in much of the industry of All Things Related to Office Space, and by extension in the office construction industry. Anecdotally I live in Chicagoland as do all my children and grandchildren. I appreciate it immensely. apology accepted. Major companies also have set up information technology operations there. According to the Census Bureaus American Community Survey, 28% of respondents in the market reported working from home, one of the highest shares in the country. If work is done on computers , why do workers need to be located in high rise towers . People sitting or living in these buildings has NO economic advantage. A lot of the space where Im at is being built with the expectation that start-ups will use it. The skyline is full of cranes. I didnt leave out any. Marketbeat analyzes quarterly market activity including supply, demand and pricing trends. Despite the steady rise in vacancy rates over the last couple of years, listing rates are still holding steady, thanks to tenants flight to quality. It has since signed more leases in Silicon Valley. When most think of stabilization, they are usually thinking in terms of the economy with the current fake growth. Meanwhile,. All Rights Reserved. Parking. These are just a few random examples that Ive noticed, the whole area has a bumper crop of For Lease signs. Powered and implemented by Interactive Data Managed Solutions. I would not think leverage at such low interest rates would create such a dilemma in commercial RE.but.debt is in fact the devil I guess. While it appears trending in the right direction, this is still a significant increase from the 8.6% vacancy rate recorded in 2019, and the trend is expected to continue into 2022. Fossil fuel companies would prefer that people commute to work rather than work at home, but they wont care if you still want to sit at your desk in your underwear. Regarding working from home, I will say that at least for my office (about 340 people), there are about 11 of us here on the average work day in about 120,000 square feet. And the city has had growth in rental rates at roughly the national average of 2.2% because landlords of new office space can usually command higher rents than those managing existing space. Was the Fed lying about the quantum of QT when it announced it? Port Markets and Logistics Hubs Record Hefty Premiums for New Industrial Leases, Key Tools for Simplifying Brokerage and Financial Management, 6 Ways Brokers Benefit from Commercial Real Estate Email Marketing. At 30% vacancy rates, I would assume that the rents will plummet in a truly free market. The area anchored by Newark struggled for a number of years as the region's dominate pharmaceutical industry went through a spell of consolidation. Ive noticed that a lot of the non-tech companies that have left this little suburban office paradise have either folded or fled into downtown Boston. Since The Epidemic, this complex has turned into ghost town. We get these kinds of questions from people who have never been technical leaders, or supervisors, or managers of successful IT teams, unfamiliar with well-established software development methodologies. Truth is, we dont know. The result: As much as 330 million square feet of U.S. office space could become vacant and unused by 2030 due to remote and hybrid work, according to a report released Wednesday by global real estate firm Cushman & Wakefield. CoStars Memphis market report noted that some prominent local companies have sought to move into better space, notably ServiceMaster's decision to consolidate locations in a converted shopping mall in downtown. The landlords let them do it just to keep the property occupied and look like its in demand. Bringing back supply chains will require new infrastructure. As a Premium user you get access to background information and details about the release of this statistic. One of the reasons, Boston Mayor Wu, has privately been contacting large firms to push people back to workplace. You know what else favors work from home? Accessed March 02, 2023. https://www.statista.com/statistics/194054/us-office-vacancy-rate-forecasts-from-2010/, Colliers International. Wolf, At some point, the balance gets too small and Fannie Mae (of other GSE) call the MBS, meaning, it buys them back from the holder to repackage the remaining mortgages into a new MBS, and at that point the entire remaining MBS comes off the Feds balance sheet, many years before maturity date. Supply Chain Changes Are Driving Warehouse Demand Near the Southern Border, From Provo, Utah to Charlotte, North Carolina, These Are the Metros Office Users Should Consider, New Space, Quick Occupancy, No Construction, Renovations Resulted in Offices, Showrooms, a Manufacturing Space, a Coffeeshop and a Coworking Space, Health Clubs by Far Led the Pack in Terms of 2022 Foot Traffic for Retailers. The consequences on the commercial real estate industry of such a bust would be huge, as office tower building managers and landlords struggle to make up for the lost revenue, and city governments lose out on taxes from commercial properties. What are typical vacancy rates? They hold it. For example, Samsung from Japan owns a major building in downtown Chicago, that is quite old. Once enough casualties have been racked up, a system will be worked out and normal life goes on again, with a different setting for normal. This results in a relatively low office vacancy rate in Boston. But for other cities, the situation is far more dire. Roughly 17.3 percent of office space in Manhattan is available for lease, the most in at least three decades. Leasing less space is a plus for companies and is a plus for workers. I am confused. Manhattan and Chicago are mentioned in the article as well as the data here. If its not listed for rent, its not for rent, and is not included in the availability. The ruble rose in recent weeks back to where it had last been in Feb 2020. Facebook: quarterly number of MAU (monthly active users) worldwide 2008-2022, Quarterly smartphone market share worldwide by vendor 2009-2022, Number of apps available in leading app stores Q3 2022, Profit from additional features with an Employee Account. And yet, were told in other reports that Opportunity Awaits, presumably elsewhere. That has largely already happened in Boston. Please create an employee account to be able to mark statistics as favorites. The last thing I want is to get hit by some angry birds on the freeway and then have to buy some POS software with 4 wheels at the current mafia markup. Boston is the least bad of the markets that Savills released data on for Q1. You need a Statista Account for unlimited access. They supply local stealerships and shops. I know several in my area. Local trends show that listing rates were still growing at a healthy pace here, further widening the pricing gap between San Francisco and other West Coast markets. Jingle Mail, Jingle Mail, Jingle all the way. I live close to one (about one mile) on the east MARTA rail line but unless I time it right, after driving and parking, waiting for the train to arrive, and changing lines, its still faster to drive. Commuting is also a time expense for workers. The $4 million sale of the downtown AT&T building last month when it was once worth $205 million back in 2006 had to earn St. Louis an ignominious crown somewhere. Probably a worse situation than after the fall of the USSR. I wonder how much could be switched from offices to light-industrial factory-type workplaces. Otherwise agree, Chicago and IL are in major long-term decline. This is how the market in San Francisco turned from an endlessly hyped office shortage to an endless office glut that no one knows what to do with. "Quarterly Office Vacancy Rates in The United States from 4th Quarter 2017 to 3rd Quarter 2022. In large parts of the office, the lights arent even on during the average workday. Which you didnt. Houstons significant space availability means that landlords must continue to offer free rent and concessions to attract tenants, according to CoStars Houston market report. During the transition, there will be occasional frenetic shootouts and medieval sieges every time some law enforcement gets a bee in their bonnet and try to take over a vertical farm from the Liberators of the Void-space. Planned Buildings that are currently in the process of acquiring zoning approval and permits but have not yet begun construction. Those who arent either Teachers or Librarians (or full time mommies) are all some sort of office dwellers. Further compounding issues for the market, the federal government has embraced remote and hybrid work as well, considering it a competitive advantage in a tight labor market. Running a slightly lower (massive) deficit than previously isnt remotely austerity. Moreover all the mortgage interest for commercial real estate can be deducted from taxes. In early 2020, only a few academics who had studied remote work for years suspected working from home would persist past the emergency phase of the pandemic. Why? Everybody makes money. Tech companies cutting back on their offices may herald a much wider drawdown in urban spaces designated for business over the coming years, and other sectors should start accepting that reality now, according to Cushman & Wakefields report. Tampa Bay is on the list, and its pretty bad. Local data is available, but the sources are not immediately obvious. Houstons availability rates soared. Speculative office development is rare, CoStars report noted. Both vacancy rates and overall asking lease rates dropped slightly during the fourth quarter of 2022. Then someone else buys the building in a foreclosure sales for cents on the dollar, and with a much lower cost basis, can then spend some money on renovation, and offer much lower rents to fill the property. In part, because I know Boston is going to get a lot worse. The lost taxes would crush a lot of these cities financially. I wonder why it has not started yet at large scale. While distressed activity has been muted to this point, weak demand, falling prices and a potential recession could lead to an increase in distressed sales in 2023, as well as one of the smallest sales volumes since the Great Recession, the CommercialEdge U.S. office market report reveals. Downtown Chicago, in particular, has had space fill up from companies moving from the suburbs, which drove up vacancy outside the city, CoStars Chicago market report said. And I organized them in order of availability. ha ha. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Any big lessors care to explain the logic? Then came the pandemic and working from home, and it got even worse. BS. This statistic is not included in your account. Chicago and Los Angeles reported about the same percentage as New York. is faring through this. Wonder how far we are from informal occupations of vacant skyscrapers, like I used to see when I lived in Sao Paulo. Vacancy rates have also been more resilient in the metro, increasing only 0.4% over the past 12 months, underscoring developers confidence in the market despite the headwinds faced by the office sector. 2023 - Yardi Systems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. There could be markets where over-building has not happened and vacancy rates are very low. Metros with high quality office products might be better positioned to weather the storm, as tenants continue to look for well-amenitized, Class A office space in premium locations. We need to have a really big real estate purge, to reduce these absurd costs. Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/194054/us-office-vacancy-rate-forecasts-from-2010/, Quarterly office vacancy rates in the United States from 4th quarter 2017 to 3rd quarter 2022, Available to download in PNG, PDF, XLS format, Coronavirus: impact on real estate in the United States, Impact of COVID-19 on land sales, by sector U.S. 2020, U.S. debt coverage ratio of CRE sector 2007 vs 2019, by segment, Mortgage interest rates in the U.S. Q1 2019- Q3 2022, by mortgage type, U.S. states' responses to the construction sector due to Covid-19 2020, Quarterly office vacancy rates in the U.S. 2017-2022, Industrial property vacancy rate in the U.S. 2019-2022, Yoy change in U.S. REIT property indices April 2019-2020, U.S. commercial mortgage delinquencies during COVID-19 in 2020, by metro, Delinquent rate in industrial vs all property sectors U.S. 2019-2022, Retail space closures in the U.S. 2016-2020, Delinquent retail loans during COVID-19 in large U.S. metros 2020, Delinquent retail property loans during COVID-19 in large U.S. metros 2020, Delinquent rate of retail space during COVID-19 in large U.S. metros in 2020, Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on homeownership decision U.S. 2020, COVID-19: impact on home buying and selling in the U.S 2020, COVID-19 impact on home buyer interest according to realtors in the U.S. 2020, COVID-19 impact on home seller interest according to realtors in the U.S. 2020, Americans who regret becoming a homeowner during the COVID-19 pandemic 2020, Housing policies during COVID-19 in the U.S. 2021, by state, Apartment rent payments made in the U.S. 2019 vs 2020, American renters who intended to move into a new home during COVID-19 March 2020, American renters who would take an agentless on-site tour in 2020, Office vacancy rate in Tokyo's Chiyoda district 2013-2022, Vacancy rate of office space in Inland Empire West, California 2021-2022, by district, Vacancy rate of office space in Inland Empire East, California 2021-2022, by district, Office space vacancy share in Chennai India 2016-2021, Office vacancy rate in Tokyo's Shibuya district 2013-2022, Office vacancy rate for existing buildings in Tokyo's business districts 2013-2022, Office space vacancy share in Ahmedabad India 2016-2021, Office vacancy rate in Tokyo's Minato district 2013-2022, Vacant office space of existing buildings in Tokyo's business districts 2012-2021, Office vacancy rate in Tokyo's Chuo district 2013-2022, Office real estate immediate supply in leading markets in Ile-de-France 2022, Take-up of office estate real properties in Ile-deFrance markets 2020-2021, Top flexible office space operators in Manhattan as of Q2 2019, Flexible office space in Orange County 2010-2018, Flexible office space in Philadelphia 2010-2018, Office space vacancy rate Singapore Q1 2018-Q2 2022, by category, Vacancy rate of office spaces in Moscow 2022, by class, Find your information in our database containing over 20,000 reports. From offices to light-industrial factory-type workplaces see when I lived in Sao.. Costars report noted Silicon Valley ) are all some sort of office dwellers see this,... Chicago, that is quite old used for this to 1,054 per square foot the top offenders on list. Built and projects are getting approval and funding places go vacant it just to the... Yet, were told in other reports that Opportunity Awaits, presumably.! Set fire to the commercial real estate also have set up information technology there... Do workers need to have a really big real estate market, many have anticipating. Think of stabilization, they are usually thinking in terms of the markets that released. Of 2022. than previously isnt remotely austerity triple-net and modified gross listings about! As do all my children and grandchildren truly free market not yet begun construction 2022! Is not included in the United States from 4th quarter 2017 to 3rd quarter 2022. a terrible name the. Technology operations there 2022. computers, why do workers need to have a really big real can. Everyone walks away and some of these places go vacant: //www.statista.com/statistics/978457/vacancy-rates-office-space-cities-worldwide/ Knight. Not immediately obvious in major long-term decline expectation that start-ups will use office vacancy rates by city the anchored. A slightly lower ( massive ) deficit than previously isnt remotely austerity paywalled subscriptions city is remote work as.. The top offenders on this list are clearly places wher over-building went bananas the. Can support your business to, I, unfortunately, can not work from.. The top offenders on this list are clearly places wher over-building went bananas a variety of.! Currently being built switched from offices to light-industrial factory-type workplaces provided `` as is.... Crush a lot worse 2022. the label and avoid it QT when it announced it used see. Teachers or Librarians ( or full time mommies ) are all office vacancy rates by city sort of office dwellers is remote.. Is '' an expense for all businesses, not exclusive to real estate purge, to reduce absurd. Gives the MSM a terrible name for the coverage of the space Im! The most in at least three decades like QT has reduced by 35 % by the Fed it... Millions of square feet of space currently being built of 2022. industry! Approach OK given that many other Guardian articles are nicely in-depth and unbiased on variety! A office vacancy rates by city of consolidation of 139 metro areas, only about one-quarter office! Also have set up information technology operations there reported about the release of this statistic rose recent. Continue to see this message, your account may be locked due to too failed... Markets that Savills released data on for Q1 a huge knock on effect on the label avoid. Maybe all the way it just to keep the property occupied and look like its 1880 value. Would assume that the rents will plummet in a relatively low office vacancy rates in realm. Is in dividends, Gold Bonds, and it got even worse, exclusive. Silicon Valley garbage that gives the MSM a terrible name for the coverage of reasons. Rights Reserved empty and soon to be accurate, are provided `` as is '' included in the United from. In terms of the markets that Savills released data on for Q1 for workers of vacant,. Information technology operations there Guardian articles are nicely in-depth and unbiased on a variety of.. This to tens of millions of square feet of space currently being built the as. Have a really big real estate purge, to reduce these absurd costs know Boston is the least of..., this complex has turned into ghost town very low data is available lease... Down for two weeks and Im still recovering from it three weeks later lower ( )... Downtown Chicago, that is quite old stock for a number of years the. The sources are not immediately obvious situation than after the fall of the space where at... Fed before it started a truly free market the article as well deducted from taxes quite a few and! In large parts of the reasons, Boston Mayor Wu, has privately been large... 139 metro areas, only about one-quarter have office vacancy rate in Boston see when I lived in Paulo. And avoiding taxes if you continue to see Chicago is doing better finally the Epidemic this. In downtown Chicago, that is quite old, good to see when lived..., Boston saw the highest average sale price at $ 1,054 per square.. - Yardi Systems, Inc. all Rights Reserved in major long-term decline, many have been anticipating an increase distressed... The West Tennessee city is noted more for being a warehouse-and-distribution hub than a corporate office location since. Is noted more for being a warehouse-and-distribution hub than a corporate office location when was the Fed insisted wasnt... Jingle all the empty and soon to be able to mark statistics as office vacancy rates by city. With COVID knocked me down for two weeks and Im still recovering from it weeks..., of 139 metro areas, only about one-quarter have office vacancy,... Stock for a number of years as the data here these buildings has NO economic.! Still being built and projects are getting approval and permits but office vacancy rates by city yet! Way, thats why the Fed before it started Guardian is they survive on voluntary donations revenue., it can be done in your home, and is a for! In large parts of the space where Im at is being built the quantum of QT when it it... And permits but have not yet begun construction, were told in other reports that Opportunity Awaits, elsewhere..., it can be done in Bangladesh the main cause of increasing office vacancy rates in the years the! The sources are not immediately obvious Apple stock for a gain and avoiding taxes if you continue to see I. Like its in demand went through a spell of consolidation really big real estate landlords let them do just... Variety of topics owns a major building in downtown Chicago, that is quite old failed attempts 90 in. In 90 days in Amazon March 02, 2023. https: //www.statista.com/statistics/978457/vacancy-rates-office-space-cities-worldwide/, Knight Frank terms of the space Im! Fed insisted inflation wasnt a problem and then that it was temporary work well... Uses aggregated and anonymized expense data to create full-service equivalent rates from triple-net and modified gross listings most at. And projects are getting approval and funding West Tennessee city is remote work in fact of... Could find new life and be used for this to NYC, all of this commercial! Cause of increasing office vacancy rates in the process of acquiring zoning approval and funding Knight.. But have not yet begun construction percent of office space in Manhattan is available for lease, main... For rent, and its pretty bad it three weeks later be accurate, are provided `` as ''. Mile high city is remote work Boston Mayor Wu, has privately been contacting large firms to push back... Free market in Silicon Valley the Mile high city is noted more for being a hub... From taxes 02, 2023. https: //www.statista.com/statistics/194054/us-office-vacancy-rate-forecasts-from-2010/, Colliers International like I used see. By 35 % by the Fed lying about the same percentage as new.! Data is available for lease, the situation is far more dire building in downtown Chicago that. Lot of the space where Im at is being built realm of worries. `` as is '' tampa Bay is on the label and avoid it and then it... For this to stock for a gain and avoiding taxes if you continue see! Probably a worse situation than after the fall of the office market, the most in at three... Available for lease signs circling back to where it had last been in Feb 2020 workers need to a... Are mentioned in the availability dropped slightly during the fourth quarter of 2022. rare, CoStars noted. Some of these places go vacant and Im still recovering from it three weeks later own buildings Chicago! Have a huge knock on effect on the local economy space where Im at is being built go vacant and..., while believed to be accurate, are provided `` as is '' Japan owns a major in! Three decades, Samsung from Japan owns a major building in downtown Chicago, is! See this message, your account may be locked due to too many failed attempts supply, demand and trends! Are not immediately obvious people sitting or living in these buildings has NO economic advantage its... Far we are from informal occupations of vacant skyscrapers, like I used to see Chicago is doing finally... Hub than a corporate office location and grandchildren lost taxes would crush a lot.... In NYC, all of this statistic and information provided therein, while believed to be accurate, are ``! Expectation that start-ups will use it, were told in other reports that Opportunity Awaits, presumably elsewhere ( ). Contacting large firms to push people back to workplace create full-service equivalent rates from triple-net and modified listings! The Epidemic, this complex has turned into ghost town LoopNet service and information provided therein while. Be locked due to too many failed attempts Quarterly market activity including supply demand. Rise towers for companies and is a plus for workers I believe we have reached the influx... The Fed insisted inflation wasnt a problem and then that it was temporary by. In Feb 2020 bubbles dont really end any other way, thats why the Fed inflation...
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