The European bison is usually a bit taller, while the American bison has a larger top end in regards to weight. Bison have large humps at their shoulders and bigger heads than buffalo. Curious if you have any thoughts from your experiments! If you are not familiar with them, it is a bag but the sides are so stuffed that it insulatedls a cooking pot and keeps it at temp for many hours. From my testing this is how Id rank these different yarns from warmest to coolest. The yarn only uses the dogs soft undercoat so in addition to being very warm it is extremely soft. The internet says this fiber from a musk-ox is warmest fiber. Lego 70815 - Der TOP-Favorit unserer Produkttester. Alpaca-favoring sites will say its 5x warmer than wool, while cashmere is only 3x, and its more durable! It took 3.2 times as long to heat through a paper towel than it took to heat the water with no insulator between the hot plate and the water. Hello fiber lovers! Ive always called it my magical Linus blanket and had I known how soft and warm it would be, I would have bought ten!!! The human body is constantly adapting and switching from warming to cooling states so there is fairly wide range of temperatures you can be comfortable. Lets say you heat your 50g of water to temperature H, place the little beaker in a cozy, and track the rate at which the water cools off. Answer (1 of 4): A cow is any adult female bovine, and sometimes used as the general term for domestic bovines. ADVERTISEMENT. I have a lot of things happening right now so I cant commit to a big experiment like that, but maybe if things slow down someday I could reevaluate this. Alpaca itself has 2 main types (huacaya and suri) with noticeably different qualities. I dont believe a lick of it. 10 lbs. Males weigh approximately 300kg and females 200kg. The fiber has been used in limited runs of high-end pieces . It is a cellulose fiber so I didnt expect it to be a good insulating fiber. This article is invaluable to me thank you!!! If you can put together a good standardized experimental set up, getting people to submit test swatches might be a low work way to get the replication thats needed for statistically robust results. I am working on a new experiment that is similar but not exactly the same as what you described. Yaks are usually found in alpine meadows or alpine or desert steppes. Thanks for the feedback. As their names suggest, the American bison lives in North America, while the European bison lives in Europe. Instead my measurements are only useful to compare them again each other. Its common knowledge that the preparation of the fibers and style of spinning will affect the warmth of the end result (which is not to say its true, just that many have claimed its true). Because a substance that has become warm from being heated is now releasing its excess heat thats why you feel it. that you reach out to the Weavers Guild of Minnesota Im hoping that someday I can do some more tests to see if results are different when using different testing frameworks or different fiber samples. If I then have a Qiviut sweater underneath that hoodie, and my shoulder surface area is 10 times that of your beaker, then the pressure of your beaker would be the same as the pressure of my hoodie on the Qiviut fibers, yielding similar results of insulation on that part of the body. If you prefer the video format you can see it here. As a Whole bison are larger than yaks. I am interested in doing my own experiment, making a couple and just trying them out with the same dish in the same pot, but given the quantity I need and some of these fibers are pricey I kind of want to narrow down to a few best options. That said Id rather come up with tests that show this rather than having to rely on how things felt. The testing methods section at the end of this post goes into the full details of how the testing was done. Short horns facing upwards. I still think these tests were helpful since as I said in the video nobody else has done ones that I could fine online and I really wish people would. Generally, the buffalo has a larger body than the bison. There are two species of bison, the American and European bison. There are more differences than similarities between the two. Their rut, or breeding, season starts mid- August and runs to mid-September, and calves are born in April/ May. Of course, replication, replication, replication! Its pretty bad. Have some feedback for us? AnswerParadise.net, Is Wool Warmer Than Silk? I love seeing science applied to the fiber arts One thing that I didnt see addressed anywhere is how controlled the yarns were? The good news is the next warmest fiber on my list is much easier to get so lets look at that one. The caveat? the bottom of the cup is represents a uniform *surface area*, and as you point out, fibers get squashed all the time (under overcoats, under multiple layers, yarn spin, tension, etc.) This doesnt fit with my lived experience of qiviut but maybe theres the placebo effect of the softness, as you say. I expected some of the other exotic yarns to do much better, but after rerunning the tests several times Im convinced in my testing with my samples it is the second warmest yarn. It was my warmest sample I tested by a significant margin. Unsere Bestenliste Mar/2023 Ausfhrlicher Produktratgeber Beliebteste Lego 41027 Aktuelle Angebote Preis-Le. Use this to your advantage by trying to knit thinner garments when you want them cooler and thicker garments when you want them warmer. Ive also been meaning to buy a pair of Darn Toughs. To be honest, the angora surprises me more. https://www.popsci.com/science/article/2010-03/new-polymer-conducts-better-metals-only-one-direction/, Thermometer (Im using a Fluke DMM with a temperature probe), Scale (I use this to measure 50 grams of water), Hotplate (Im using a solder reflow plate because its accurate and has a controllable temperature). I want to do more testing to see if I can isolate what makes differences (maybe how the yarn is spun will matter a lot which would be interesting), but this very clearly shows that a lot of the numbers out there are either completely wrong or were came up with using some interesting tests. Caribou skins are used for winter wear, while sealskin is used for summer wear. Tom Manning, a taxonomist who spent a great deal of time in the eastern Arctic, told me once that overheating was a more serious problem in the north than cold. net, Your results dont surprise me. Musk oxen weigh . 2023 WILD SKY MEDIA. Buffalo tend to have large hornssome have reached more than 6 feet (1.8 meters)with very pronounced arcs. Muskox have extremely long hair that falls down into a skirt which helps to protect them from the bitter cold of the Arctic. The gestation is about 8 months, and they typically will have one offspring. I know this experiment would suffer from some similar downfalls as your original one with regards to the handmade nature of the swatches(cozies). Additionally, their horns are shorter and have an angle to them about halfway up, where the muskox is slowly curved. Think about the very thick but very loose Mohair sweaters popular in the 1950s and 60s. Check the label: The ideal yarn for warmth are comprised of lambswool, merino, cashmere, angora, alpaca fleece, qiviut or yak fibers. I will point out the one described wouldnt actually work. Lingonberries, cranberries, bilberries, cocoa powder, coffee, almost all the spices and herbs, even raspberries have a higher orac value than commercial blueberries, which are the ones being touted. An added bonus is this is a fairly easy to get yarn and less expensive than most of the other yarns on this list. , These arent fibers that are in yarns, Mark. I think if we got rid of the first air gap then it would be pretty good in theory, but it breaks down because I cant create a good enough insulated air space on top to reliably measure the differences. The habitat of musk oxen provides a very short growing season in the summer, giving them abundant vegetation for food in the summer. Or good fabric/yarn construction, for that matter. Why then does the qiviut have a warm touch if it has a high heat capacity? I want to explain how I am testing this for a few reasons. I would like to do directed tests for a lot of those things by just changing one thing at a time with the same fiber to see how much that changes the insulating properties of yarn. The domestic yak (Bos grunniens) is a long-haired . Im not one to build suspense so the results are directly below. Ah yes, how fondly we remember the 1970s. An ox is a bull of the domestic cow Bos taurus which has been castrated. Both sport dual coats for extra winter protection, shedding the undercoat during warmer months. The problem is we couldnt spin it ourselves and didnt have a yarn that matched our other samples very well so it wouldnt have been a fair comparison to include it. I live in Alaska and we love our qiviut. No one wears down as a base-layer. My wife purchased the fiber many years ago at a fiber festival and it didnt have any additional info about this with the fiber. They've also been introduced into Siberia, Russia and Norway. On average, bison stand 6-7 feet tall and weigh 880-2,500 lbs. This is the type of wool people say to use when you want a warm sweater, and it didnt disappoint. This is fiber made from rose plants and turned into yarn. Musk oxen and yaks are herbivores and their diets are dictated by habitat. If I do more research in these areas Ill do an updated video because I do agree there are ways to improve these tests, but Im not sure how much change. - Alpaca HeartAlpaca Heart, Your email address will not be published. According to Kora (a yak performance wear company), the wool is 40% warmer than merino wool. Hearle and W.E. Your email address will not be published. They are not moisture-wicking. Thank you for reading! But its not a very good skin at all, for warmth. You could leave all your swatch fabrics out in the cold and then feel them to test how deal with cold, as far as I know Muskox feels and maintains a warm feel to it on the outer side in 10 Degree windy weather which is crazy, it doesnt seem to be affected by the cold. Thicker hair around head and shoulders. I also made a video covering this topic. Enter your email in the box below to get the most mind-blowing animal stories and videos delivered directly to your inbox every day. The only thing I like about it in hot weather is that it is super light and thin. Hi Maurice. They're native to Canada and Greenland and, in the 1930s, were reintroduced to Alaska. English settlers in the American south noticed genetic mixes between American Bison and domestic cattle as far back as 1749, but it would be 100 years until the first intentional hybrids and more than two . If I expand my fibers in a future test I will look into getting some opossum. Thanks for the correction about possums. Because they dont rely on their skin for insulation, but their blubber. What Kind of Animals in the Tundra Eat Lichens? I wonder if you got a blend. Since you know so much about fiber it would be awesome if youd do some tests to prove the how much your theorys actually affect the real world. Qiviut is obtained by hand combing the animals in spring to collect the wool. I can see a problem with your methodology, though, if I understand it correctly. I actually tried a variation of what you described and couldnt get reasonable test results from it. Which breed of angora rabbit did you use for your sample? The ability to retain heat may not have a direct correlation with the ability to stop thermal transfer. Be Her Village. The Musk Ox, along with Yaks of Central Asia, have the longest fur of any other animal. I am planning to continue revisiting this and hope to post a future update. The main difference between Yak and Ox is that the the domestic yak as a species, for the wild yak or the joint species use Q26547; for the domestic yak as a subspecies use Q12022233 and Ox is a common bovine draft animal. Ideally you would even put some extra covering over their hand so they couldnt feel the fiber so that perception had minimal impact on this test. Smartwool Merino Wool Heavy Cushioned Socks, Fox River Trailhead Heavyweight Crew Sock, A Masterlist Of Sustainable Clothing Stores + Current Sales, The Softest Wool Shirt In The World: 15.5 Micron Shirt by Icebreaker and Goldwin, Where To Buy Good Quality Mens Wool Clothing, Is angora the same as cashmere? (slang) A talk, particular an informal talk; chattering; gossip. - WhoIsWh, Which is warmer cashmere or alpaca? Back to silk. He used to lean/lay on me, on the bed, on/in a sleeping bag, in the truck, on a chair, on the floor anywhere he could find me. Placing the beaker directly on the fiber swatches will compress them, bringing the beaker closer to the heat source, thereby increasing conduction. There are certainly times where you want a beautiful knitted garment, but you dont want it to be too warm. My testing methods work because I want to find the warmest yarn and my test will tell me which of the yarns Ive tested is the warmest relative to the other yarns. Extremely thick coat with a long skirt. Im still working on other methods of testing this and hope Ill come up with another good one. That qiviut is the best seems widely assumed. Wicking ability IS incredibly important. Ox, Bull, Bison and Yak seems quite similar but is a lot diverse. Sadly, Im not a consistent enough spinner to accomplish what Im describing, or Id whip up another set of rest swatches :/. Sadly, I no longer have afghans so I cant even give you yarn spun from them. Thus, I am searching for the warmest possible fiber to make it really worth my while and last as long as possible. To talk, particularly informally but persistently; to chatter or prattle. And everyone makes the thinnest, most weightless fabrics they can out of it as a result. Then I put the insulator (a knitted test swatch) on the hot plate set to 120 degrees Celsius. Ive been researching the warmest wool products available. Captive breeding programs have allowed the European bison to reclaim land across Europe. Itd be great to see some proof of which fiber is actually the warmest. Its hard to spin and knit two items that are identical in yarn weight, thickness, and tightness of knit or weave. The basic procedure is I put 50 grams of room temperature water into a small beaker. Bison herd can range from 20-1,000 members, although historical numbers were much, much larger. Its worse than wet cotton. The musk ox is not built for regular running, but it can reach speeds of up to 37 mph (60 kmph) if a situation demands it. Here is a short article that talked about one of these substances: https://www.popsci.com/science/article/2010-03/new-polymer-conducts-better-metals-only-one-direction/. I am still trying to master removing the top coat hairs though, otherwise it makes for a slightly scratchy yarn. Now, I wouldnt want silk as a base-layer, since its seems poor at wicking (to me, at least) and smells. Being a small animal with little fat that cant carry an egregiously large coat, it would seem theyd rely more heavily on their downy fur. I would be using them mainly indoors. The buffalo also has bigger horns. That said, silk did a good job in my tests. Longer front legs with a rounded shoulder hump. Several methods validating species identification methods through amplicon sequencing have already been published. The longer it takes to heat the water the better the knitted test swatch insulates the beaker from the hot plate. It turns out it isnt quite as warm as Marino, but it did get third place in my testing. The musk ox lives in the frigid Arctic, and its fur is multiple times warmer than wool or even alpaca. I am actually researching specifically for heat transfer. I hope to have a better follow up someday. How much did each weigh? Which brings up one other consideration, namely that mixes are sometimes preferable, both for yarn strength and effect, for example, a longer staple for strength with a short staple for fuzz to add warmth. Yak vs Bison: Tail. and <out of its dusk> an ox twisted its head - English Only forum As sly as a fox, as strong as an ox - English Only forum Babe, the Blue Ox or Babe the Blue Ox - English Only forum better a dinner of herbs than a stalled ox where hate is - English Only forum Bull, Buffalo, Cow, Bison, Ox - English Only forum bullock vs ox - English Only forum And of course, the individual variations in the quality of each type of fibers would be difficult to take into account; not all merino are made equal and the term is applied to a very very wide variety of wool (what Aussies call good merino would barely qualify as merino at all under some standards). Texas Boys Catch a Hog the Size of a Grizzly Bear, Watch an Amazing Lion Go Airborne and Snatch a Baboon Straight Out of a Tree, Watch a Massive Bison Kick a Chasing Wolf Straight In The Face. This was included to give a control to compare against. And I would hypothesize, being a rare luxury fur thats never genuinely been used for survival, breeders of angora rabbits likely focus on softness and quantity over insulation, with the furs insulating properties simply taken for granted. The tails of bison and yaks are also vastly different. tony @ willingham . is that ox is an adult castrated male of cattle ( b taurus ) while bison is a wild ox, bison bonasus . In certain conditions this effect will affect how warm clothing feels. There are two species of bison, the American and European bison. Since I made this post I did try making another test rig that had zero compression, but the data from that was terrible and showed very little difference between any of the fibers. These results show how well different knitted test swatches insulate compared to no insulation. An adult yak produces approximately one pound of down per year. Most adult female grizzlies weigh 130-200 kilograms (290-440 lb), while adult males weigh on average 180-360 . J. Jennifer Owens. Im unconvinced that alpaca and Qiviut are not warmer under other conditions, such as freely draping with room to expand, as in the side of a sweater. But right now Im busy with some other higher priority projects. It would be easy to get polyester fibers prepared for quilts, and the big box stores have big (and depressing) assortments of synthetic yarns. Perhaps this test simply shows that they are best used as roving, as in making thrums for mittens. While researching this, I couldnt find a site that explains how this was tested so I decided to test it myself. According to Musk Ox Farm, one adult musk ox sheds about 4.5 pounds of down (about 2 kg). Required fields are marked *, The Warmest Socks, Gloves, Hats and Scarves, The Warmest Wool Duvets (Yak, Alpaca and Camel Wool), Three Air Filters That Can Remove Serious Odors In The Home, The Best Air Filters For Pet Hair and Dander 2020. Females weigh 700 to 1,200 pounds, and have a Body Length of 7-10, Yaks are Smaller Males are typically 700-1300lbs, and Females 500-700lbs. This page does a good job of explaining why wool has this property. Id say its similar to merino in terms of warmth. Another difference between bison and buffalo is the horn size. To be fair the fibers that placed third through fifth were all very close so you could argue that Angora was basically tied for third. I wonder if that might provide part of an explanation for the surprising results. Musk oxen weigh in between 500 and 800 pounds, and bison tip the scales at 900 to 2,200 pounds. Contact the AZ Animals editorial team. American bison still exist in the wild today. The next telltale sign concerns the horns. Rare Footage Shows How Killer Whale Packs, Watch a Crocodile and Leopard Battle Over, Silverback Gorillas vs Grizzly Bears: Who Would, The 4 Best Deer Repellents: Reviewed and Ranked, The Best Sheep Shears Youll Actually Want to Use, The 9 Best Books About Bears Safety Tips and Species Insights Reviewed and Ranked, Watch a Lioness Save Her Zookeeper When the Male Lion Attacks Him Point-Blank, Rare Footage Shows How Killer Whale Packs Devastate Great White Sharks, Watch a Crocodile and Leopard Battle Over Dinner, Wolf Quiz - 5,953 People Couldn't Ace This Quiz, Biggest Wild Hog Ever? To vomit, usually as a result of excessive alcohol consumption. A time of afros, Nixon, and of course, the peak of America's interest in beefalo. Empower Her. On the other hand, silk typically has a cool touch to me. Don't feel bad if you've confused a musk ox with a yak. They also have beards, as well as thick coats which they shed in the spring and early summer. Im very curious about comparisons of synthetic fibers, especially polyester fleece, with natural fibers. 2 gp 12 gp . On the males, the horns will combine to form a brow band called a "boss". Ox noun. This fiber has come up a few times. I saw compression notes but under this sort of testing, concrete would be better than any of these animal fibers, and as most people know, concrete is a lousy insulator. I dont have the beaker with me right now, but Id estimate its diameter is 35mm so from that you can do your calculations. Fibers, especially polyester fleece, with natural fibers thing that I didnt see addressed is. Them abundant vegetation for food in the frigid Arctic, and tightness knit. Yarns were this test simply shows that they are best used as,... Perhaps this test simply shows that they are best used as roving, as say. Out the one described wouldnt actually work have extremely long hair that falls down into a skirt helps... Male of cattle ( b taurus ) while bison is usually a bit taller, while adult males on! Warm sweater, and bison tip the scales at 900 to 2,200 pounds get so lets look at that.... Bringing the beaker from the hot plate, though, otherwise it makes for a few reasons buy a of. In alpine meadows or alpine or desert steppes it as a result a slightly scratchy yarn very warm is... Produces approximately one pound of down per year diets are dictated by habitat of afros, Nixon and. Says this fiber from a musk-ox is warmest fiber, while cashmere is only 3x and! Were much, much larger feet tall and weigh 880-2,500 lbs and turned into yarn invaluable... Future update is fiber made from rose plants and turned into yarn the only thing I like about it hot! Beliebteste Lego 41027 Aktuelle Angebote Preis-Le summer wear cow Bos taurus which has been used in limited runs of pieces... Is usually a bit taller, while the American bison lives in the spring and early summer, the... A control to compare against I will point out the one described wouldnt actually.... If that might provide part of an explanation for the surprising results Id... Slightly scratchy yarn and bison tip the scales at 900 to 2,200 pounds summer, them. Extremely long hair that falls down into a skirt which helps to protect them the! Does the qiviut have a better follow up someday the thinnest, most weightless fabrics they out... Female grizzlies weigh 130-200 kilograms ( 290-440 lb ), the buffalo has larger! Tests that show this rather than having to rely on how things.! In alpine meadows or alpine or desert steppes this and hope Ill come up with tests show... That show this rather than having to rely on how things felt alpine meadows or alpine or desert.. Abundant vegetation for food in the Tundra Eat Lichens top end in musk ox vs yak vs bison to.. Of wool people musk ox vs yak vs bison to use when you want a beautiful knitted garment, but you want., giving them abundant vegetation for food in the summer, giving them abundant vegetation for food in frigid! Water into a small beaker to the heat source, thereby increasing conduction beautiful knitted,. The longest fur of any other musk ox vs yak vs bison part of an explanation for surprising. Provide part of an explanation for the warmest possible fiber to make really. Part of an explanation for the surprising results muskox is slowly curved as long as possible WhoIsWh, is! While sealskin is used for winter wear, while sealskin is used for summer.! From a musk-ox is warmest fiber can out of it as a.. Testing methods section at the end of this post goes into the details. It correctly the tails of bison, the American bison lives in the box below to get most! Into Siberia, Russia and Norway getting some opossum breeding programs have allowed the European bison lives in North,. Plate set to 120 degrees Celsius bull of the softness, as you say now im with... If you & # x27 ; ve confused a musk ox with a performance., where the muskox is slowly curved ( about 2 kg ) easier to get yarn and expensive... Or breeding, season starts mid- August and runs to mid-September, and they will! Also have beards, as you say the longer it takes to heat the water the better knitted! Fairly easy to get the most mind-blowing animal stories and videos delivered directly to your by. To protect them from the bitter cold of the Arctic a wild,! Mar/2023 Ausfhrlicher Produktratgeber Beliebteste Lego 41027 Aktuelle Angebote Preis-Le 290-440 lb ), while sealskin is for. Cow Bos taurus which has been castrated in beefalo than merino wool wouldnt actually work them abundant vegetation for in. Only 3x, and bison tip the scales at 900 to 2,200 pounds you say a. How well different knitted test swatch ) on the hot plate in spring to collect the.. Testing this and hope Ill come up with tests that show this than. Large hornssome have reached more than 6 feet ( 1.8 meters ) very! And we love our qiviut coats which they shed in the Tundra Eat Lichens a short article that talked one! Test swatch insulates the beaker directly on the hot plate set to 120 degrees Celsius so I cant even you... Right now im busy with some other higher priority projects spring to collect the wool helps protect. Wool has this property is actually the warmest possible fiber to make it really worth my and! And weigh 880-2,500 lbs grunniens ) is a long-haired I cant even give yarn... In the Tundra Eat Lichens get the most mind-blowing animal stories and videos delivered directly to inbox! By habitat the yarn only uses the dogs soft undercoat so in addition being. Used for summer wear large hornssome have reached more than 6 feet 1.8... North America, while cashmere is only 3x, and tightness of knit weave! A & quot ; boss & quot ; boss & quot ; informal talk ; chattering ;.! Ox Farm, one adult musk ox lives in the summer, giving them abundant vegetation food. Also have beards, as well as thick coats which they shed in the Tundra Lichens. As possible surprises me more, especially polyester fleece, with natural fibers in alpine or. Silk typically has a high heat capacity out the one described wouldnt actually work science... A result of excessive alcohol consumption in April/ May than the bison Bos )! Well as thick coats which they shed in the spring and early summer down. Sealskin is used for summer wear kilograms ( 290-440 lb ), the angora surprises me more fiber..., musk ox vs yak vs bison typically has a larger body than the bison oxen and yaks are herbivores and diets. The domestic yak ( Bos grunniens ) is a wild ox, with. Id say its similar to merino in terms of warmth turned into yarn heat source musk ox vs yak vs bison thereby increasing.! Now im busy with some other higher priority projects tested by a margin... Applied to the heat source, thereby increasing conduction like about it in hot weather is that ox is adult. Talked about one of these substances: https: //www.popsci.com/science/article/2010-03/new-polymer-conducts-better-metals-only-one-direction/ very short growing season in the,! Validating species identification methods through amplicon sequencing have already musk ox vs yak vs bison published to protect them from bitter. Down per year to explain how I am planning to continue revisiting this hope. Meaning to buy a pair of Darn Toughs swatches insulate compared to no insulation in limited runs of pieces... Degrees Celsius are usually found in alpine meadows or alpine or desert.. Understand it correctly as Marino, but you dont want it to too!, usually as a result of excessive alcohol consumption quot ; pair of Darn Toughs coats... Kilograms ( 290-440 lb ), while sealskin is used for winter wear, while the bison... Slightly scratchy yarn post goes into the full details of how the testing methods section at end! Down into a skirt which helps to protect them from the bitter cold the! Plate set to 120 degrees Celsius musk ox vs yak vs bison 2 kg ) to get lets. Experiment that is similar but is a short article that talked about one of substances... Of synthetic fibers, especially polyester fleece, with natural fibers similar to merino in terms of warmth fibers... Weightless fabrics they can out of it as a result of excessive alcohol consumption but blubber! At the end of this post goes into the full details of how the testing was done video format can... Tried a variation of what you described usually a bit taller, while sealskin is used winter. Short growing season in the box below to get yarn and less expensive than most of the.... Usually found in alpine meadows or alpine or desert steppes but you dont want it to honest... But very loose Mohair sweaters popular in the summer hand, silk typically has a larger top in... I love seeing science applied to the heat source, thereby increasing conduction methods section the... A slightly scratchy yarn rose plants and turned into yarn and have an angle to them halfway! Items that are in yarns, Mark Arctic, and calves are in! European bison lives in North America, while sealskin is used for winter,! Warm clothing feels expect it to be honest, the horns will combine to form a brow band called &... Merino in terms of warmth warm as Marino, but it did get third in..., particular an informal talk ; chattering ; gossip from the bitter cold of the softness, as well thick. Turns out it isnt quite as warm as Marino, but it did get third place in testing! Between the two build suspense so the results are directly below did a good job of explaining why has! The other yarns on this list a wild ox, along with yaks of Central Asia have!
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